✔ TestWizard
Ñîçäàòü òåñò   Âîéòè  

Òåñò: Lexicology


Ñïèñîê âîïðîñîâ


1. What’s the origin and the meaning of the word lexicology?

1) The words “lexis” and “logos” derive from Greek and mean “all of letters in the dictionary”
2) The words “lexis” and “logos” derive from Greek and mean “word, phrase” and “science” (the science of the word).
3) The words “lexis” and “logos” derive from Latin and mean “such kind of word or phrase” and “science”
4) The words “lexis” and “logos” derive from French and mean “word, phrase” and “science”
5) The words “lexis” and “logos” derive from German and mean “letter” and “art”

2. What does Lexicology study?

1) Lexicology studies the meaning of the word
2) Lexicology studies the outer sound form of the word
3) Lexicology studies the meaning and phonetic structure of the word
4) Lexicology is the science of the grammatical and morphological structure of a language
5) Lexicology is the science of the word and vocabulary

3. Lexicology is a branch of linguistics which deals with…

1) the various means of expressing grammatical relations between words and with the patterns after which words are combined into word-groups and sentences
2) lexical units and the vocabulary of a language
3) the outer sound form of the word
4) All answers are correct
5) the study of the nature, functions and structure of stylistic devices and with the investigation of each style of language

4. lexicology

1) study of LEXICON; system of lexemes
2) the outer sound form of the word
3) the study of the nature, functions and structure of language
4) All answers are correct
5) the various means of expressing grammatical relations between words

5. What is General Lexicology?

1) the outer sound form of the word
2) the study of the nature, functions and structure of language
3) Is a part of General linguistics. It is concerned with the study of vocabulary irrespective of the specific features of any particular language.
4) the various means of expressing grammatical relations between words
5) All answers are correct

6. What is Special Lexicology?

1) It is the lexicology of a particular language.
2) the outer sound form of the word
3) It is the lexicology of any language
4) All answers are correct.
5) the various means of expressing grammatical relations between words

7. What is historical lexicology?

1) the outer sound form of the word
2) Focuses on evolution of any vocabulary, as well as of its single elements; deals with the origin of various words, their change and development
3) the study of the nature, functions and structure of language
4) All answers are correct
5) the various means of expressing grammatical relations between words

8. What is Descriptive Lexicology?

1) Deals with the vocabulary of a given language at a given stage of its development.
2) the various means of expressing grammatical relations between words
3) the outer sound form of the word
4) the study of the nature, functions and structure of language
5) All answers are correct

9. Synchronic lexicology deals with …

1) vocabulary at a given stage of language development, usually at the present time
2) All answers are correct
3) the change and development of vocabulary in the course of time
4) the outer sound form of the word
5) the various means of expressing grammatical relations between words

10. What is a word?

1) a lexico-grammatical unit; sequence of sounds/written signs used in language to express an idea & communicate a meaning
2) The basic unit of language.
3) It corresponds to the thing meant and names it.
4) The term denotes the main lexical unit of a language resulting from the association of a group of sounds with a meaning
5) All answers are correct

11. By external structure of the word we mean …

1) its meaning
2) its morphological structure
3) All answers are correct.
4) its lexical structure
5) sound structure

12. The internal structure of the word is referred

1) its semantic structure it certainly word’s main aspects
2) graphical structure
3) sound structure
4) All answers are correct.
5) its morphological structure

13. The word has …

1) phonological and syntactic aspects
2) phonological and semantic aspects
3) All answers are correct.
4) phonological, semantic, syntactic aspects
5) semantic and syntactic aspects

14. basic semantic triangle of the word:

1) semantic, syntax
2) a polysemantic word
3) concept, sound form and referent
4) sound form and referent
5) All answers are correct.

15. The main approaches to the study of lexical meaning are…

1) synchronic and diachronic
2) referential and functional
3) All answers are correct.
4) referential and distributional
5) sound form and referent

16. Which of the approaches to lexical meaning studies the connection between words and things or concepts they denote?

1) the functional approach
2) diachronic approach
3) the referential approach
4) All answers are correct.
5) synchronic approach

17. What is the referential approach to lexical meaning?

1) All answers are correct.
2) distinguishes between three components closely connected with meaning:
3) the sound-form of the linguistic sign;
4) the referent, i.e., the part or aspect of reality to which the linguistic sign refers
5) the concept underlying this sound-form;

18. What is the functional approach to lexical meaning?

1) distinguishes between three components closely connected with meaning:
2) the sound-form of the linguistic sign;
3) maintains that the meaning of a linguistic unit can be studied only through its relation to other linguistic units
4) the concept underlying this sound-form;
5) the referent, i.e., the part or aspect of reality to which the linguistic sign refers

19. What is concept?

1) All answers are correct
2) category of human cognition
3) the thought of an object that singles out its essential features
4) the results of abstraction and generalization
5) a logical and psychological category, a unit of thinking

20. The content plane of words includes…

1) lexical and grammatical meanings
2) Lexical meaning
3) Differential and Lexical meanings
4) denotative and connotative meanings
5) Distributional and Grammatical meanings

21. The main types of lexical meaning of a word can be

1) Lexical and Grammatical
2) Denotational and Connotational
3) Differential and Lexical
4) Distributional and Grammatical
5) Lexical

22. Connotative meaning is …

1) the word’s reference to the object
2) the mind and not by the senses
3) the size of the referent group
4) always an individual object or person
5) the emotive charge and the stylistic value of the word

23. Denotative meaning is…

1) the size of the referent group
2) the word’s reference to the object
3) the mind and not by the senses
4) always an individual object or person
5) the emotive charge and the stylistic value of the word

24. Combinability of the word depends on …

1) lexico-grammatical meaning
2) grammatical meaning
3) its lexical and grammatical meaning
4) the emotive charge and the stylistic value of the word
5) its lexical meaning

25. denotative meaning

1) the dictionary definition; the literal meaning of the word
2) the size of the referent group
3) intensifying and expressive
4) All answers are correct.
5) emotional, evaluative

26. connotative meaning

1) demonstrative and significative
2) the positive and negative emotions associated with the word; how the word makes you feel.
3) emotional, evaluative
4) intensifying and expressive
5) All answers are correct.

27. ….. is defined as the expression of relationships between words, more abstract and more generalized.

1) Lexical meaning
2) Semisology
3) Grammatical meaning
4) Etimology
5) Lexico-grammatical meaning

28. The material meaning of a word as distinct from its formal, grammatical meaning, which reflects the concept the word expresses

1) Grammatical meaning
2) Lexico-grammatical meaning
3) Etimology
4) Lexical meaning
5) Semisology

29. The meaning of the formal membership of a word in the grammatical system of a language (is expressed in the word's form).

1) Lexical meaning
2) Grammatical meaning
3) Etimology
4) Lexico-grammatical meaning
5) Semisology

30. Paradigm is …

1) the inner facet of the word, inseparable from its outer facet.
2) The system closely connected with the three components of meaning.
3) the linguistic reflection of the concept the given word expresses and the basic properties of the thing the word denotes
4) the system showing a word in all its word forms.
5) the meaning of the formal membership of a word expressed by the word’s form.

31. Synchronic approach to language …

1) the change and development of vocabulary in the course of time
2) is concerned with the vocabulary of a language as it exists at a given period of time
3) All answers are correct
4) the various means of expressing grammatical relations between words
5) the outer sound form of the word

32. diachronic approach to language…

1) is concerned with the vocabulary of a language as it exists at a given period of time
2) deals with the changes and the development of vocabulary in the course of time
3) the various means of expressing grammatical relations between words
4) the outer sound form of the word
5) All answers are correct

33. …. is concerned with the vocabulary of a language as it exists at a given time, for instance, at the present time.

1) the synchronic approach
2) the referential approach
3) functional approach
4) diachronic approach
5) none of them

34. …. in terms of Special Lexicology deals with the changes and the development of vocabulary in the course of time.

1) the synchronic approach
2) none of them
3) diachronic approach
4) functional approach
5) the referential approach

35. ... is a unit of meaning in a language, consisting of a word or group of words?

1) grammatical meaning
2) lexical meaning
3) morpheme
4) abstract unit
5) lexeme

36. What is vocabulary?

1) grammatical meaning
2) All answers are correct.
3) The system formed by the total sum of all the words that language possesses
4) abstract unit
5) morpheme

37. derived word…

1) a word formed or originated from another or form a root in the same or another language
2) (thought, reference) the thought of the object that singles out its essential features;
3) object denoted by the word, part of reality;
4) All answers are correct.
5) None of them

38. back derivation…

1) (thought, reference) the thought of the object that singles out its essential features;
2) object denoted by the word, part of reality;
3) All answers are correct.
4) the formation of a word forms the stem (base) of another word, i.e., by means of cutting off suffixes (prefixes) from the source word
5) None of them

39. What is sound-form of semantic triangle?

1) (thought, reference) the thought of the object that singles out its essential features;
2) (symbol, sign) linguistic sign
3) All answers are correct.
4) None of them
5) object denoted by the word, part of reality;

40. What is referent of semantic triangle?

1) (thought, reference) the thought of the object that singles out its essential features;
2) All answers are correct.
3) None of them.
4) (symbol, sign) linguistic sign
5) object denoted by the word, part of reality;

41. Semantic changes has two main ways

1) gradual (specialization and generalization) and momentary (metaphor and metanymy);
2) gradual (elevation and degradation) and momentary (hyperbole and litotes);
3) All answers are correct.
4) Ellipses and formation;
5) None of them

42. ... is a transfer of the meaning on the basis of contiguity

1) Metaphor
2) Metonymy
3) Composition
4) Word-building
5) Conversion

43. ... is a transfer of the meaning when it becomes better in the course of time, e.g. «knight» originally meant «a boy», then «a young servant», then «a military servant», then «a noble man».

1) Metaphor
2) Elevation
3) Conversion
4) Word-building
5) Composition

44. Who was written Etymological Dictionary by?

1) by W. Skeat
2) by R. Soule
3) by Noah Webster
4) by Samuel Johnson
5) by A.V. Koonin.

45. ….is a transfer of the meaning when the speaker uses exaggeration, e.g. «to hate» (doing something), (not to see somebody) «for ages».

1) Irony
2) Euphemism
3) Simile
4) Hyperbole
5) Metaphor

46. Similarity of meanings is …

1) Hyperbole
2) Metaphor
3) Metonymy
4) Litotes
5) Simile

47. Etymological Dictionary includes …

1) phraseological units
2) record only pronounciation
3) all of them
4) antonyms
5) resent-day words to the oldest forms of these words and forms of these words in other languages

48. Secondary ways of semantic changes:

1) gradual (specialization and generalization) and momentary (metaphor and metanymy);
2) Elipses and formation;
3) elevation and degradation, hyperbole and litotes;
4) All answers are correct.
5) None of them

49. Metaphor can be based on different types of similarity:

1) All answers are correct.
2) similarity of position:
3) similarity of shape:
4) similarity of function, behaviour:
5) similarity of colour:

50. similarity of colour is one of the metaphor types of similiarity. Find its example.

1) head (of a cabbage), bottleneck, teeth (of a saw, a comb);
2) orange, hazel, chestnut
3) none of them
4) foot (of a page, of a mountain), head (of procession
5) a whip (an official in the British Parliament whose duty is to see that members were present at the voting), a bookworm (a person who is fond of books);

51. similarity of position is one of the metaphor types of similiarity. Find its example.

1) head (of a cabbage), bottleneck, teeth (of a saw, a comb);
2) foot (of a page, of a mountain), head (of procession);
3) orange, hazel, chestnut
4) none of them
5) a whip (an official in the British Parliament whose duty is to see that members were present at the voting), a bookworm (a person who is fond of books);

52. similarity of shape is one of the metaphor types of similiarity. Find its example.

1) orange, hazel, chestnut
2) a whip (an official in the British Parliament whose duty is to see that members were present at the voting), a bookworm (a person who is fond of books);
3) foot (of a page, of a mountain), head (of procession);
4) none of them
5) head (of a cabbage), bottleneck, teeth (of a saw, a comb);

53. similarity of function and behaviour is one of the metaphor types of similiarity. Find its example.

1) orange, hazel, chestnut
2) a whip (an official in the British Parliament whose duty is to see that members were present at the voting), a bookworm (a person who is fond of books);
3) none of them
4) head (of a cabbage), bottleneck, teeth (of a saw, a comb);
5) foot (of a page, of a mountain), head (of procession);

54. There are different types of metonymies:

1) the material of which an object is made may become the name of the object and names of inventors very often become terms to denote things they invented,
2) names of musical instruments may become names of musicians when they are united in an orchestra:
3) the name of the place may become the name of the people or of an object placed there and some geographical names can also become common nouns through metonymy
4) All answers are correct.
5) the name of some person may become a common noun, e.g., boycott was originally the name of an Irish family who were so much disliked by their neighbours that they did not mix with them.

55. Find examples of the material of which an object is made may become the name of the object

1) a glass, boards;
2) the House – members of Parliament, the White House – the Administration of the USA
3) watt, om, roentgen;
4) the violin, the saxophone;
5) holland (linen fabrics), Brussels (a special kind of carpets), China (porcelain).

56. Find examples of names of inventors very often become terms to denote things they invented;

1) a glass, boards;
2) watt, om, roentgen;
3) the violin, the saxophone;
4) the House – members of Parliament, the White House – the Administration of the USA
5) holland (linen fabrics), Brussels (a special kind of carpets), China (porcelain).

57. Find examples the name of the place may become the name of the people or of an object placed

1) a glass, boards;
2) the violin, the saxophone;
3) the House – members of Parliament, the White House – the Administration of the USA
4) watt, om, roentgen;
5) holland (linen fabrics), Brussels (a special kind of carpets), China (porcelain

58. Find examples of names of musical instruments may become names of musicians when they are united in an orchestra:

1) the violin, the saxophone;
2) the House – members of Parliament, the White House – the Administration of the USA
3) a glass, boards;
4) holland (linen fabrics), Brussels (a special kind of carpets), China (porcelain).
5) watt, om, roentgen

59. Find examples of some geographical names

1) holland (linen fabrics), Brussels (a special kind of carpets), China (porcelain).
2) a glass, boards;
3) the House – members of Parliament, the White House – the Administration of the USA
4) the violin, the saxophone;
5) watt, om, roentgen;

60. What is context?

1) the material of which an object is made may become the name of the object and names of inventors very often become terms to denote things they invented,
2) the minimum stretch of speech necessary and sufficient to determine which of the possible meanings of a polysemantic word is used
3) the name of some person may become a common noun, e.g., boycott was originally the name of an Irish family who were so much disliked by their neighbours that they did not mix with them.
4) names of musical instruments may become names of musicians when they are united in an orchestra:
5) the name of the place may become the name of the people or of an object placed there and some geographical names can also become common nouns through metonymy

61. What is a word-formation?

1) the material of which an object is made may become the name of the object and names of inventors very often become terms to denote things they invented,
2) names of musical instruments may become names of musicians when they are united in an orchestra:
3) patterns of forming new lexical units; lexical morphemes & higher segments
4) the name of some person may become a common noun, e.g., boycott was originally the name of an Irish family who were so much disliked by their neighbours that they did not mix with them.
5) the name of the place may become the name of the people or of an object placed there and some geographical names can also become common nouns through metonymy

62. word-formation processes divided into ……

1) derivation, compounding, affixation;
2) major word-formation processes and minor word-formation processes
3) All answers are correct.
4) adjectives, adverbs, compounding, affixation;
5) suffixation, prefixation, conversion, borrowing;

63. Major Word Classes consists of……

1) derivation, compounding, affixation
2) suffixation, prefixation, conversion, borrowing;
3) nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs;
4) All answers are correct.
5) adjectives, adverbs, compounding, affixation;

64. Major word-formation processes

1) adjectives, adverbs, compounding, affixation;
2) All answers are correct.
3) nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs;
4) Derivation, Compounding, Affixation (Suffixation, Prefixation), Conversion, Borrowing;
5) nouns, verbs,

65. Minor Word Classes include….

1) auxiliary verbs, prepositions, conjunctions, pronouns, determiners "closed" no new words are added functors, provide structure or functions words
2) nouns, verbs,
3) adjectives, adverbs, compounding, affixation;
4) All answers are correct.
5) nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs;

66. Minor word-formation processes

1) adjectives, adverbs, compounding, affixation;
2) Back-formation, Blending, Clipping, Reduplication, Acronymy
3) nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs;
4) All answers are correct
5) nouns, verbs,

67. What is a root?

1) the form of a word after all inflectional affixes are removed (+ derivational & - inflectional affixes)
2) nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs;
3) nouns, verbs
4) the form of a word after all affixes are removed (- derivational & inflectional affixes)
5) All answers are correct.

68. What is a stem?

1) the form of a word after all inflectional affixes are removed (+ derivational & - inflectional affixes)
2) the form of a word after all affixes are removed (- derivational & inflectional affixes)
3) All answers are correct.
4) nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs;
5) nouns, verbs,

69. It is divided into suffixation and prefixation.

1) Conversion
2) Composition
3) Affixation
4) Shortening
5) Derivation

70. It is one of the most histories of English. It consists in adding an affix to the stem of a definite part of speech.

1) Conversion
2) Affixation
3) Composition
4) Derivation
5) Shortening

71. ……. is one of the main ways of enriching vocabulary.

1) Word-building
2) Conversion
3) Composition
4) Shortening
5) Derivation

72. There are four main ways of word-building in modern English:

1) Abbreviation
2) Conversion
3) Composition
4) All of them
5) Derivation

73. It is an affix which is placed before the stem of a word.

1) prefix
2) suffix
3) stem
4) ending
5) root

74. It is an affix which is placed after the stem of a word.

1) prefix
2) suffix
3) stem
4) root
5) ending

75. ……. is the formation of words by means of adding a prefix to the stem.

1) Derivation
2) Abbreviation
3) Conversion
4) Prefixation
5) Composition

76. …… is the formation of words with the help of suffixes.

1) Suffixation
2) Composition
3) Conversion
4) Abbreviation
5) Derivation

77. …… is a short form of a word or phrase.

1) Word-building
2) Composition
3) Abbreviation
4) Conversion
5) Derivation

78. The process of shortening; words from initial letters = pronounced as sequences –pronounced as words.

1) blending
2) shortening
3) composition
4) conversion
5) acronyms

79. A minor word-formation process. It consits of processes of clipping, acronymy, blending.

1) acronyms
2) blending
3) composition
4) shortening
5) conversion

80. The process of shortening; shortened polysyllabic words with independent stress pattern + informal spelling

1) clipping
2) acronyms
3) blending
4) composition
5) conversion

81. The process of shortening; blending one word with another.

1) shortening
2) blending
3) acronyms
4) composition
5) conversion

82. These are examples of ……… (showbiz, mike, flu, pub, gents, phone, exam, fries, comfy)

1) clipping
2) acronyms
3) blending
4) conversion
5) composition

83. A minor word-formation process. two/more constituents, identical/similar = informality, familiarity.

1) blending
2) acronyms
3) conversion
4) composition
5) reduplication

84. These are examples of ………(pitty-pat, tick-tock, seesaw, wishy-washy, tip-top)

1) acronyms
2) reduplication
3) composition
4) conversion
5) blending

85. These are examples of ……… (‘lubritection’, ‘swimsation’, ‘Merkozy’ vs. ‘Merkelzy’)

1) shortening
2) acronyms
3) blending
4) conversion
5) composition

86. These are examples of ……… (DIY, FBI, VIP, NATO, UNESCO)

1) conversion
2) shortening
3) composition
4) blending
5) acronyms

87. A minor word-formation process. New word created by suffix deletion.

1) back-formation
2) blending
3) conversion
4) composition
5) shortening

88. These are examples of ………(bottle-feed, to sleep-walk, to brain-wash, to day-dream, to window-shop, to chain-smoke)

1) blending
2) shortening
3) back-formation
4) composition
5) conversion

89. What is inflection?

1) Is a word-formation process. It is a closed system, semantically regular and further from the root; it changes the word form - word-forms of a single lexeme, it does not derive new lexemes.
2) the form of a word after all affixes are removed (- derivational & inflectional affixes)
3) a phraseological unit with transferred meaning
4) the form of a word after all inflectional affixes are removed (+ derivational & - inflectional affixes)
5) Is a word-formation process. It is an open system, semantically irregular and closer to the root; it changes the meaning of the word - new lexemes are created

90. What is derivation?

1) the form of a word after all inflectional affixes are removed (+ derivational & - inflectional affixes)
2) the form of a word after all affixes are removed (- derivational & inflectional affixes)
3) Is a word-formation process. It is a closed system, semantically regular and further from the root; it changes the word form - word-forms of a single lexeme, it does not derive new lexemes
4) Is a word-formation process. It is an open system, semantically irregular and closer to the root; it changes the meaning of the word - new lexemes are created.
5) a phraseological unit with transferred meaning

91. To native words belong…..

1) study of meaning;
2) all of them
3) most of prepositions, conjunctions, numera
4) study of origin of different languages
5) study of word-building

92. What is a Semasiology ?

1) study of origin of languages
2) study of meaning; semantics
3) study of sound
4) study of word-formation
5) All answers are correct.

93. Which branch of lexicology deals with the meaning of words and other linguistic units?

1) Semasiology
2) All answers are correct.
3) Lexical Morphology
4) word-formation
5) Onomasiology

94. Semasiological approach…

1) considering different meanings of the word, determining interrelations between them, as well as discovering semantic relations between different words
2) All answers are correct.
3) reverse of the semasiological approach; it starts from an object and consists in analyzing different words correlated with it
4) the object which is given a name
5) the one who gives a name to an object

95. Onomasiological approach

1) considering different meanings of the word, determining interrelations between them, as well as discovering semantic relations between different words
2) reverse of the semasiological approach; it starts from an object and consists in analyzing different words correlated with it
3) the object which is given a name
4) All answers are correct.
5) the one who gives a name to an object

96. Who is the nominatior?

1) the one who gives a name to an object
2) nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs;
3) All answers are correct.
4) none of them
5) nouns, verbs,

97. the referent

1) a new word from a syllable of the original word
2) the one who gives a name to an object
3) reverse of the semasiological approach; it starts from an object and consists in analyzing different words correlated with it
4) the object which is given a name
5) All answers are correct.

98. The lexical meaning is

1) general, unique
2) individual, unique.
3) individual, standard
4) general, standard
5) All answers are correct.

99. Grammatical meaning is

1) All answers are correct.
2) general, standard
3) individual, unique.
4) individual, standard
5) general, unique

100. The part-of-speech meaning is

1) reverse of the semasiological approach; it starts from an object and consists in analyzing different words correlated with it
2) classification of lexical items into major word-classes and minor word-classes.
3) the one who gives a name to an object
4) All answers are correct.
5) a new word from a syllable of the original word
© 2024 TestWizard - Ïëàòôîðìà äëÿ ñîçäàíèÿ îíëàéí-òåñòîâ ñ ðåçóëüòàòàìè.
master@testwizard.ru